As African megacities continue to experience rapid urbanization, their waste management systems face unprecedented pressure, characterized by rising volumes, environmental degradation, and institutional fragmentation. The prevailing linear models, based on extraction, consumption, and disposal, have proven unsustainable and inadequate for addressing the multifaceted challenges of urban waste governance. This paper proposes a comprehensive governance framework that embeds circular economy principles into the design, coordination, and operation of waste systems in African urban centers. Drawing on interdisciplinary literature and governance theory, the framework emphasizes five critical pillars: strategic policy integration, multi-actor collaboration, regulatory and incentive mechanisms, institutional capacity building, and legal reform. The paper outlines how circularity can transform waste from a burden into a resource through prevention, reuse, and resource recovery, while also enhancing urban resilience, environmental protection, and socio-economic inclusion. It highlights the central role of governance as an enabler of this transition, arguing that technical solutions alone are insufficient without coherent policies, institutional alignment, and participatory structures. Key implementation enablers, including financial models, knowledge infrastructure, and stakeholder coordination platforms, are explored to provide actionable guidance for city policymakers and practitioners. The conclusion identifies future research needs around metrics development, digital integration, and political economy dynamics, emphasizing the importance of adaptive and inclusive governance systems in achieving sustainable, circular urban futures across the African continent.